MySQL :: MySQL 8.4 Reference Manual :: 19.4.6 Replicating Different Databases to Different Replicas

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19.4.6 将不同的数据库复制到不同的副本

There may be situations where you have a single source server and want to replicate different databases to different replicas. For example, you may want to distribute different sales data to different departments to help spread the load during data analysis. A sample of this layout is shown in Figure 19.2, “Replicating Databases to Separate Replicas”.

Figure 19.2 Replicating Databases to Separate Replicas

The MySQL source has three databases, databaseA, databaseB, and databaseC. databaseA is replicated only to MySQL Replica 1, databaseB is replicated only to MySQL Replica 2, and databaseC is replicated only to MySQL Replica 3.

You can achieve this separation by configuring the source and replicas as normal, and then limiting the binary log statements that each replica processes by using the --replicate-wild-do-table configuration option on each replica.

Important

You should not use --replicate-do-db for this purpose when using statement-based replication, since statement-based replication causes this option's effects to vary according to the database that is currently selected. This applies to mixed-format replication as well, since this enables some updates to be replicated using the statement-based format.

However, it should be safe to use --replicate-do-db for this purpose if you are using row-based replication only, since in this case the currently selected database has no effect on the option's operation.

For example, to support the separation as shown in Figure 19.2, “Replicating Databases to Separate Replicas”, you should configure each replica as follows, before executing START REPLICA:

Replica 1 should use --replicate-wild-do-table=databaseA.%.
Replica 2 should use --replicate-wild-do-table=databaseB.%.
Replica 3 should use --replicate-wild-do-table=databaseC.%.

Each replica in this configuration receives the entire binary log from the source, but executes only those events from the binary log that apply to the databases and tables included by the --replicate-wild-do-table option in effect on that replica.

If you have data that must be synchronized to the replicas before replication starts, you have a number of choices:

Synchronize all the data to each replica, and delete the databases, tables, or both that you do not want to keep.
Use mysqldump to create a separate dump file for each database and load the appropriate dump file on each replica.
Use a raw data file dump and include only the specific files and databases that you need for each replica.

Note

This does not work with InnoDB databases unless you use innodb_file_per_table.

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