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5.3.4.3 选择特定列

如果您不想看到整个表的行,只需列出您感兴趣的列,使用逗号分隔。例如,如果您想知道动物出生日期,选择namebirth列:

mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet;
+----------+------------+
| name     | birth      |
+----------+------------+
| Fluffy   | 1993-02-04 |
| Claws    | 1994-03-17 |
| Buffy    | 1989-05-13 |
| Fang     | 1990-08-27 |
| Bowser   | 1989-08-31 |
| Chirpy   | 1998-09-11 |
| Whistler | 1997-12-09 |
| Slim     | 1996-04-29 |
| Puffball | 1999-03-30 |
+----------+------------+

要找到宠物所有者的信息,请使用以下查询:

mysql> SELECT owner FROM pet;
+--------+
| owner  |
+--------+
| Harold |
| Gwen   |
| Harold |
| Benny  |
| Diane  |
| Gwen   |
| Gwen   |
| Benny  |
| Diane  |
+--------+

注意,这个查询只是从每个记录中检索owner列,并且一些记录出现多次。为了减少输出结果,可以在输出结果中添加关键字DISTINCT以确保每个唯一输出记录只出现一次:

mysql> SELECT DISTINCT owner FROM pet;
+--------+
| owner  |
+--------+
| Benny  |
| Diane  |
| Gwen   |
| Harold |
+--------+

您可以使用WHERE子句将行选择与列选择组合起来。例如,要获取只包含狗和猫的出生日期,请使用以下查询:

mysql> SELECT name, species, birth FROM pet
       WHERE species = 'dog' OR species = 'cat';
+--------+---------+------------+
| name   | species | birth      |
+--------+---------+------------+
| Fluffy | cat     | 1993-02-04 |
| Claws  | cat     | 1994-03-17 |
| Buffy  | dog     | 1989-05-13 |
| Fang   | dog     | 1990-08-27 |
| Bowser | dog     | 1989-08-31 |
+--------+---------+------------+