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MySQL 8.3 Reference Manual  /  ...  /  Character Set and Collation Compatibility

12.8.3 字符集和排序规则兼容性

每个字符集都有一个或多个排序规则,但是每个排序规则都只与一个字符集关联。因此,以下语句将导致错误信息,因为 latin2_bin 排序规则不适用于 latin1 字符集:

mysql> SELECT _latin1 'x' COLLATE latin2_bin;
ERROR 1253 (42000): COLLATION 'latin2_bin' is not valid
for CHARACTER SET 'latin1'